What is C12000 copper?
C12000 is a high-performance phosphorus-deoxidized copper material, renowned for its excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and workability. It is widely used in electrical, electronics, mechanical manufacturing, and architectural decoration applications. Through phosphorus deoxidation, this material significantly reduces oxygen content, eliminating the risk of hydrogen embrittlement while offering good weldability and corrosion resistance, making it an ideal copper alloy choice for industrial applications.
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Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of C12000 strictly complies with standards, with primary components as follows (mass percentage):
Copper (Cu): ≥99.9%
Phosphorus (P): 0.004%–0.012%
Total other impurities: ≤0.1% (including trace elements such as iron, lead, tin, etc.)
The low phosphorus content ensures effective deoxidation while maximizing the purity and electrical conductivity of copper, meeting the manufacturing requirements for high-precision components.
Physical and Mechanical Properties
Electrical Conductivity:
Conductivity at room temperature ≥98% IACS (annealed copper standard), approaching the level of pure copper, suitable for high-conductivity devices.
Thermal Conductivity:
Thermal conductivity ≥350 W/(m·K), with excellent heat dissipation efficiency, commonly used in heat exchanger components.
Mechanical Properties:
Tensile Strength: 200–250 MPa (soft state); 300–400 MPa (hard state)
Elongation: ≥40% (soft state); ≥10% (hard state)
Hardness: 40–100 HV (adjustable based on processing state)
Corrosion Resistance:
Stable performance in dry atmospheres, freshwater, and non-oxidizing acids, with oxidation resistance superior to ordinary pure copper.
Equivalents of UNS C12000 Copper
| Standard | Designation | Name / Description | Key Similarities |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS (USA) | C12000 | Phosphorus Deoxidized, Low Residual Phosphorus (DLP) | Base Standard |
| ASTM (USA) | B152, B124 | C12000 | |
| CDA (USA) | 120 | - | Industry Standard |
| ISO | Cu-DLP | Copper - DLP (Chemical Symbol) | Closest ISO Chemical Designation |
| EN (Europe) | Cu-DLP (EN 1412) CW024A (EN 13599) |
Copper - DLP | Chemical Composition Equivalent |
| JIS (Japan) | C1201 | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper | Nearly Identical |
| GB (China) | TP1 | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper | Note: TP1 is generally considered the closest match, though phosphorus content may differ slightly. |
| DIN (Germany) | SF-Cu (DIN 1708) | Deoxidized Copper with Low Residual Phosphorus | |
| BS (UK) | C106 | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper for General Purposes |
C12000 vs C10100
| Feature | UNS C12000 | UNS C10100 |
|---|---|---|
| Common Name | Phosphorus Deoxidized, Low P (DLP) | Oxygen-Free Electronic (OFE) |
| Purity Level | High Purity (≥99.90% Cu) | Ultra-High Purity (≥99.99% Cu) |
| Key Characteristic | Deoxidized with Phosphorus | No deoxidizers, ultra-low oxygen (<0.0005%) |
| Electrical Conductivity | Very High (~100% IACS) | Maximum (>101% IACS) |
| Thermal Conductivity | Very High | Highest |
| Ductility & Formability | Excellent | Exceptional (best among coppers) |
| Weldability & Brazability | Excellent (forgiving in air) | Excellent (requires careful atmosphere control) |
| Resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement | Poor (in reducing atmospheres) | Excellent (immune, no oxide to react) |
| Annealability | Good | Superior, more uniform |
| Relative Cost | Premium | Premium+ (Most Expensive) |
| Typical Applications | High-conductivity busbars, heat exchangers, welded tubing | Semiconductor parts, vacuum tubes, RF components, high-performance targets |
Choose C10100 (OFE) when your priority is:
Ultimate Conductivity & Purity: For critical electronic components (e.g., waveguide cavities, accelerator parts, high-power RF conductors).
Extreme Environment Stability: For service in high-vacuum, high-temperature (>400°C), or hydrogen-rich atmospheres where any outgassing or embrittlement is unacceptable.
Superior Cold Workability: For applications requiring the most severe deep drawing or forming without annealing (e.g., specialized seals, diaphragms).
Superior Annealability: For applications requiring a perfectly uniform, clean, and bright annealed finish.
Choose C12000 (DLP) when your priority is:
Excellent Conductivity at a Lower Cost: For high-performance electrical/thermal applications where C10100's marginal performance gain is not cost-justified (e.g., premium busbars, heat exchangers).
Easier Fabrication Joining: For welding and brazing in standard shop environments without stringent atmosphere control.
General High-Performance Applications: Where top-tier conductivity is needed, but the ultra-pure, extreme-environment capabilities of OFE copper are unnecessary.
Availability & Standardization: It is more commonly stocked and specified for industrial (non-electronic) high-conductivity uses.
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Dimensional Range Table
| Product Category | Standard / Grade | Typical Sizes (Outer Diameter) | Wall Thickness | Available Forms | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seamless Copper Tube | ASTM B68, B75, B88, B280, B819, EN1057, etc. | 3 mm ~ 300 mm (1/8" ~ 12") |
Light gauge to Schedule K (Customizable per standard) |
Straight Lengths, Coils | Plumbing, HVAC, Medical Gas, Industrial Pipelines |
| Capillary Tube | ASTM B360 | 0.5 mm ~ 12 mm (0.02" ~ 1/2") |
Ultra-thin walls (As per drawing) |
Straight Lengths, Coils | Instrumentation, Refrigeration, Heat Exchangers |
| Copper Pipe for Plumbing | ASTM B88 (Type K, L, M) | 6 mm ~ 254 mm (1/4" ~ 10") |
Type M (thin), L (standard), K (thick) | Straight Lengths (20ft), Coils | Potable Water Systems, Heating, Cooling |
| ACR Tube (Refrigeration) | ASTM B280 | 6.35 mm ~ 158.8 mm (1/4" ~ 6-1/8") |
ACR standard wall | Straight Lengths, Bundled Coils | Refrigeration, Air Conditioning |
| Medical Gas Copper Tube | ASTM B819, ISO 7396-1 | 6 mm ~ 108 mm (1/4" ~ 4-1/4") |
Cleaned & degreased Oxygen service grade |
Straight Lengths, Capped Ends | Oxygen, Medical Air, Vacuum Systems |
| Large Diameter Copper Pipe | Custom Drawn | Up to 457 mm (18") | Heavy wall, custom schedules | Straight Lengths (custom cut) | Industrial Process Lines, Marine, Specialty Applications |
Our factory
Our production facility is a modern, vertically integrated copper products factory equipped with state-of-the-art extrusion, drawing, annealing, and cleaning production lines. We specialize in producing seamless copper tubes of various sizes, from capillary tubes to large-diameter industrial pipes, all conforming to international standards such as ASTM, EN, and DIN. The factory strictly adheres to a quality management system (ISO 9001 certified) and utilizes advanced testing equipment, including spectrometers, hydrostatic testing machines, and oxygen pipeline cleanliness testing systems. With an annual production capacity exceeding 15,000 tons, we have a reliable supply record in industries such as HVAC, piping, medical gases, and shipbuilding, and are committed to providing high-precision, fully traceable, and on-time delivered products.
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