What is TP1/C12000 copper?
Low-Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper DLPC12000 (ASTM B124/B124M: C12000) is a representative copper alloy with excellent comprehensive performance for engineering applications. Its precisely controlled low phosphorus content (0.015%–0.040%) achieves an ideal balance of effective deoxidation (hydrogen embrittlement-free), good electrical conductivity (≥98% IACS), excellent hot workability (particularly suitable for extrusion-based tube manufacturing), and superior weldability, along with good corrosion resistance and cold workability. These characteristics make it one of the preferred materials for power plant condenser tubes, building hot and cold water pipes, air conditioning and refrigeration tubes, industrial heat exchanger tubes, various brazed assemblies, and engineering structural components requiring reliable corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, playing an irreplaceable role in numerous industrial and civil applications.
International Common Grades
China: TP1 (GB/T 5231-2012)
America: C12000 (ASTM B88)
Japan: C1201 (JIS H3300)
European Union: CU-ETP/CW023A (EN 1172)
International Standard: CU-DLP (ISO 1337)
Products Description
Heat Exchangers and Refrigeration/Air Conditioning:
Condenser tubes for thermal power plants (one of its core applications).
Heat exchanger tubes and condenser tubes for ships, chemical, and petroleum industries.
Copper tubes for evaporators and condensers in central air conditioning and chiller units.
Heat collector tubes and thermal transfer tubes for solar water heaters.
Water and Gas Systems:
Supply pipes, fittings, and valve bodies for building cold/hot water and drinking water systems (meeting hygiene standards).
Pipes for civilian gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) transmission (must comply with regulations).
Architecture and Decoration:
Roof and curtain wall rainwater gutters and downpipe systems.
Decorative components and hardware for architectural structures.
Faucet bodies and shower pipes for high-end bathroom fixtures (often plated).
Industrial Piping and Vessels:
Process piping, tank linings, and distillation equipment for food, beverage, brewing, and pharmaceutical industries (requiring cleanliness and corrosion resistance).
Corrosion-resistant pipes and fittings for chemical and marine engineering (suitable for specific media).
Electrical and Electronic Applications:
Electrical connectors, terminals, and busbars requiring good conductivity and weldability (for non-ultra-high conductivity scenarios).
Heat sink substrates and heat pipes for electronic devices (utilizing thermal conductivity).
Grounding devices.
Chemical composition
| Cu+Ag: | Sn: | Zn: | Pb: | Ni: | Fe: |
| ≥99.90 | ≤0.002 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.005 |
| Sb: | S: | As: | Bi: | O: | Impurities： |
| ≤0.002 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.002 | ≤0.001 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.1 |
Mechanical Properties
| Tensile strengthσb (MPa): | Elongationδ10 (%): | Elongationδ5 (%): |
| ≥275 | ≥5 | ≥10 |
FAQ
| How does phosphorus affect conductivity in C12000? The low residual phosphorus slightly reduces electrical conductivity (~85% IACS) compared to pure C11000 (~101% IACS), but it remains excellent for most thermal and electrical applications. |
| Is C12000 susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC)? Copper alloys are generally less prone to SCC than brasses, but in environments with ammonia, amines, or nitrites, SCC can occur. Proper design and avoiding sustained tensile stress in such environments are recommended. |
| What's the maximum continuous service temperature for C12000? Typically up to about 150–200°C (302–392°F) for long-term service. Short-term exposure can go higher, but annealing and softening will occur above ~250°C (482°F). |
| How should C12000 tubes be stored to prevent oxidation? Store in a dry, covered area. For long-term storage or in humid climates, sealed plastic wrapping or nitrogen purging is recommended to prevent surface tarnishing. |
| Can C12000 be bent easily? Yes, especially in the annealed temper. For hard temper tubes, bending may require a mechanical bender to avoid kinking or cracking. |
| What is the difference between TP1 (C12000) and TP2 (C12200) copper? TP1 (C12000) and TP2 (C12200) are both phosphorus-deoxidized coppers, but they differ in residual phosphorus content: TP1 (C12000): Low residual phosphorus (0.004–0.012%). Designed for applications requiring high conductivity and good weldability, such as heat exchangers and electrical components. TP2 (C12200): Higher phosphorus content (0.015–0.040%). Offers improved weldability and brazability due to better deoxidation, but has slightly lower electrical conductivity (~80% IACS). Commonly used in plumbing, HVAC, and piping systems where welding/brazing is critical. Key takeaway: TP1 prioritizes conductivity, while TP2 prioritizes weldability and brazing performance. |
| What is the difference between TP1 and TU1 copper? TP1 and TU1 are both oxygen-free coppers, but they belong to different metallurgical categories: TP1 (C12000): Phosphorus-deoxidized copper (DHP). Contains trace phosphorus to remove oxygen. Suitable for welding/brazing and offers good conductivity. TU1 (C10100): Oxygen-free electronic copper (OF). Contains no deoxidizers (virtually 0% oxygen and no phosphorus). Offers the highest purity (≥99.99% Cu) and optimal electrical/thermal conductivity (~101% IACS). Used in high-vacuum electronics, superconducting applications, and high-frequency conductors. Key takeaway: TP1 is a deoxidized copper for general engineering, while TU1 is ultra-pure oxygen-free copper for high-end electronic and specialized applications. |
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Our product range
| Category | Key Products | Standards | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Tubes & Pipes | Seamless copper tubes, medical gas pipes (ASTM B819), ACR tubes, capillary tubes, large-diameter pipes, plumbing tubes (Type K/L/M) | ASTM B68, B75, B88, B280, B819, EN1057 | HVAC, refrigeration, plumbing, medical gas systems, industrial pipelines |
| Copper Sheets & Plates | Pure copper sheets, copper alloy plates (brass, bronze), perforated sheets, embossed sheets, clad sheets | ASTM B152, B465, EN1652 | Architectural cladding, electrical components, heat exchangers, decorative arts |
| Copper Bars & Rods | Round bars, square bars, hexagonal bars, flat bars, copper alloy rods (brass, bronze) | ASTM B187, B301, EN12163/12164 | Machined parts, connectors, fasteners, electrodes, forgings |
| Copper Wires & Strands | Bare copper wires, tinned copper wires, braided wires, stranded conductors, enameled wires | ASTM B1, B3, B174, IEC 60228 | Electrical wiring, power transmission, cables, windings, grounding systems |
| Copper Foils | Rolled copper foils, electrolytic copper foils, flexible copper strips | ASTM B370, IPC-4562 | Printed circuit boards (PCBs), electromagnetic shielding, batteries, decorative laminates |
Our factory
Our factory is equipped with state-of-the-art production lines for extrusion, rolling, drawing, and finishing. We specialize in producing a full range of copper and copper alloy products, including tubes, plates, bars, wires, and foils, serving the global HVAC, construction, electrical, medical, and automotive industries.
We are committed to quality and precision, strictly adhering to international standards including ASTM, EN, DIN, and JIS, and maintaining ISO 9001 certification. Our in-house laboratories conduct rigorous testing-from chemical composition and mechanical properties to pressure and cleanliness verification-ensuring end-to-end traceability and compliance for our products.
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