What is TP1/C12000 copper?
TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes possess a range of unique properties, making them an ideal choice for many industrial applications. First, they exhibit excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, leading to extensive use in the electrical and electronics sectors. Second, TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes offer high strength and corrosion resistance, enabling stable performance even in harsh working environments. Additionally, they feature good workability and weldability, facilitating easy processing and installation.
We provide TP1/C12000 copper pipes
Copper tubes in various tempers (M, M2, Y2, Y, T) have the following mechanical properties:
Tensile Strength Rm (MPa): ≥200–360
Elongation (%): ≥20–40
Hardness HV: ≥40–110
Hardness HB: ≥35–150
Physical Properties
Density (g/cm³): 8.94
Electrical Conductivity (%IACS): 90
Electrical Conductivity (MS/m): 52
Thermal Conductivity W/(m·K): 350
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (10⁻⁶/K): 17.7
Elastic Modulus (GPa): 132
Specific Heat Capacity J/(g·K): 0.386
Composition
The main component of TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes is copper, with a small addition of phosphorus. The inclusion of phosphorus effectively reduces oxidation during smelting and processing, enhancing the purity and quality of the copper tubes. Moreover, phosphorus improves the mechanical properties of copper, increasing its strength and hardness.
Specific Chemical Composition (Elemental Parameters)
Copper + Silver (Cu+Ag): 99.90%
Phosphorus (P): 0.004–0.012%
Iron (Fe): 0.01%
Nickel (Ni): 0.005%
Antimony (Sb): 0.002%
Bismuth (Bi): 0.002%
Sulfur (S): 0.005%
Oxygen (O): 0.01%
Arsenic (As): 0.002%
Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process of TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes primarily includes smelting, continuous casting, rolling, and annealing. First, raw materials such as copper and phosphorus are mixed in specific proportions and smelted at high temperatures to produce a molten copper-phosphorus alloy. Next, the molten metal is cast into copper tube billets via continuous casting. The billets are then rolled to achieve the required dimensions and shape. Finally, annealing is performed to relieve internal stresses and eliminate structural defects, thereby improving the overall performance of the tubes.
Applications
Due to their excellent properties, TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes are widely used across various industrial fields. In the electrical and electronics industries, they are utilized for cables, connection wires for electronic components, and conductive materials. In the construction sector, TP1 copper tubes are employed for water pipes, heating pipes, and air conditioning pipes. Additionally, they are extensively applied in petroleum and chemical engineering, marine engineering, shipbuilding, and other fields. In these applications, TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes are highly valued for their high strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent workability.
FAQ
Q: What tempers are available for C12000 tubing?
A: Common tempers are annealed (soft, O60), drawn (hard, H58), and light-drawn (H55). Annealed offers maximum formability; drawn provides higher strength.
Q: How does phosphorus affect conductivity in C12000?
A: The low residual phosphorus slightly reduces electrical conductivity (~85% IACS) compared to pure C11000 (~101% IACS), but it remains excellent for most thermal and electrical applications.
Q: Which is better for brazing: TP1 or TP2?
A: TP2 (C12200) is generally preferred for brazing due to its higher phosphorus content, which enhances flux-free brazing performance and improves capillary flow in copper-to-copper joints. TP1 can also be brazed but may require more careful process control.
Q: Can TP1 and TU1 be used interchangeably in electrical applications?
A: Not always. TU1 (OF copper) is required for applications demanding maximum conductivity and purity, such as high-frequency cables, magnet windings, or vacuum tubes. TP1 is suitable for general electrical busbars, connectors, and power transmission where very high purity is not critical.
Q: How do I choose between TP1, TP2, and TU1 for my project?
A: Choose TP1 (C12000) for balanced properties: good conductivity, weldability, and corrosion resistance (e.g., heat exchangers, plumbing tubes).
Choose TP2 (C12200) if welding/brazing is the primary concern (e.g., piping systems, HVAC joints).
Choose TU1 (C10100) for extreme purity and conductivity needs (e.g., semiconductor components, aerospace electronics, high-energy physics).
Dimensional Range Table
In plumbing and HVAC standards, copper tubing is commonly classified into three main types based on wall thickness: Type K, Type L, and Type M.
Type K: Has the thickest wall. It is the strongest and most durable, primarily used for underground burial, high-pressure applications, and where the highest level of protection is required.
Type L: Has a medium wall thickness. It is the most common and versatile type, widely used for residential and commercial water supply lines (hot and cold) and for many HVAC applications.
Type M: Has the thinnest wall. It is suitable for above-ground, low-pressure residential water supply lines and some drainage applications, offering a cost-effective solution where conditions allow.
The outside diameter (OD) is the same for all three types within a given nominal size. The difference lies in the inner diameter (ID), which decreases as the wall gets thicker.
| Nominal Size (inches) | Type K | Type L | Type M |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Same for all types | ||
| Wall Thickness | Thickest | Medium | Thinnest |
| Inside Diameter (ID) | Smallest | Medium | Largest |
| 1/2" | OD: 0.625" ID: 0.527" Wall: 0.049" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.545" Wall: 0.040" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.569" Wall: 0.028" |
| 3/4" | OD: 0.875" ID: 0.745" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.785" Wall: 0.045" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.811" Wall: 0.032" |
| 1" | OD: 1.125" ID: 0.995" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.025" Wall: 0.050" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.055" Wall: 0.035" |
Copper product packaging
Our copper product packaging always prioritizes safety protection and professional identification. Copper rods and profiles are securely bundled with steel straps and fixed on reinforced wooden pallets, with waterproof and moisture-proof film wrapped around the exterior. Copper tubes are equipped with protective caps on both ends and packaged in custom-designed cartons or wooden crates with internal cushioning materials. Copper plates and strips are interleaved with anti-rust paper and fully encapsulated in steel-edged crates. All packages are affixed with clear product labels, specifications, and moisture-proof tags. For high-purity copper materials or those with special application requirements (such as oxygen-free copper wires and high-end copper strips), we also offer professional nitrogen-filled sealed packaging to ensure complete oxygen isolation during transportation and storage, preventing oxidation and maintaining the optimal performance and surface condition of the materials.
Check Today's Stock & Lead Time
