What is C12000 copper?
C12000 Copper, also known as oxygen-free copper, is a representative of high purity within the copper alloy family. It boasts a copper content of over 99.95%, with total impurities strictly controlled within 0.05%, primarily consisting of trace elements such as oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus. This near-pure chemical composition endows C12000 copper with outstanding physical and chemical properties.
In terms of performance, C12000 copper exhibits exceptionally high electrical and thermal conductivity, making it an ideal choice for power transmission and heat exchange applications. Its electrical conductivity approaches the theoretical limit, effectively reducing energy loss, while its excellent thermal conductivity ensures rapid heat dissipation, making it suitable for scenarios requiring efficient thermal management. Additionally, this material offers good workability and weldability, allowing for easy forming through cold or hot working processes, thereby meeting the production needs of complex structural components. Its strong corrosion resistance is another notable characteristic, enabling long-term stability in various environments and extending service life.
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C12000 copper application
In application scenarios, C12000 copper is widely used in the electronics and electrical industries, such as in the manufacturing of high-precision wires, connectors, and integrated circuit substrates, ensuring accurate and efficient signal transmission. In the communications sector, it serves as a key material for core components such as fiber optic cables and coaxial cables, supporting high-speed data transmission. Moreover, due to its excellent thermal conductivity, C12000 copper is also utilized in the production of heat sinks and heat exchangers, enhancing equipment cooling efficiency. Furthermore, in high-end manufacturing fields such as precision instruments, aerospace, and medical devices, C12000 copper plays an irreplaceable role, ensuring product reliability and safety with its high purity and superior performance.
Chemical Composition
|
Element |
Cu |
P |
Pb |
Fe |
Zn |
Others |
|
Weight % |
≥ 99.9 |
0.004–0.012 |
≤ 0.005 |
≤ 0.005 |
≤ 0.005 |
≤ 0.1 |
Physical Properties
|
Property |
Value |
|
Density (g/cm³) |
8.94 |
|
Melting Point (°C) |
1083 |
|
Electrical Conductivity (%IACS) |
98 – 100 |
|
Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) |
391 (at 20°C) |
Mechanical Properties
|
Condition |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
Yield Strength (MPa) |
Elongation (%) |
Hardness (HV) |
|
Annealed |
200 – 250 |
50 – 80 |
45 – 55 |
40 – 60 |
|
Hard |
300 – 350 |
250 – 300 |
10 – 20 |
80 – 100 |
C12000 - DHP Copper vs C12200 - DHP Copper
| Feature | C12000 - DHP Copper (Low Residual Phosphorus) | C12200 - DHP Copper (Standard / Higher Phosphorus) |
|---|---|---|
| Phosphorus (P) Content | Very Low: 0.004% to 0.012% | Higher & Controlled: 0.015% to 0.040% |
| Common Name / Standard | Phosphorus Deoxidized, Low Residual P (DHP) | Phosphorus Deoxidized, High Residual P (DHP). Often called "Phosphorized Copper" for plumbing. |
| Oxygen Content | Oxygen-Free (deoxidized by P) | Oxygen-Free (deoxidized by P) |
| Electrical Conductivity | Relatively High: ~85% to 90% IACS | Lower: ~80% to 85% IACS (P is a greater resistor) |
| Thermal Conductivity | Very Good | Good (slightly lower than C12000) |
| Key Property & Advantage | Optimized for a balance of good conductivity and excellent weldability. The minimal P maximizes conductivity within the weldable DHP family. | Optimized for superior corrosion resistance, particularly against dezincification in potable water systems. The higher P level provides this protection. |
| Weldability & Brazability | Excellent (Standard for DHP coppers) | Excellent (Standard for DHP coppers) |
| Primary Application Focus | Industrial Fabrication & HVACR: • Welded assemblies & heat exchangers • Refrigeration tubing & components • Applications where good conductivity and weldability are needed. |
Plumbing / Potable Water Systems: • Water tubes, pipes, and fittings (meets ASTM B88, B306). • The industry standard for modern plumbing. |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good general corrosion resistance. | Superior, specifically for water. The higher phosphorus content inhibits dezincification (a selective leaching corrosion) in waters that can attack brass fittings or other alloys. |
How to Choose Between Them
Choose C12000 if: You need a general-purpose, weldable/brazable copper rod for industrial fabrication, HVAC/R components, or electrical applications where higher conductivity is still important (e.g., bus bars that also need welding). It's the "workhorse" DHP copper for non-plumbing mechanical systems.
Choose C12200 if: The rod is for plumbing fixtures, valve bodies, or fittings that will contact potable water, or for any application where maximum resistance to water corrosion (dezincification) is legally or functionally required. It is the code-specified standard for water tube and plumbing products in many countries.
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Dimensional Range Table
In plumbing and HVAC standards, copper tubing is commonly classified into three main types based on wall thickness: Type K, Type L, and Type M.
Type K: Has the thickest wall. It is the strongest and most durable, primarily used for underground burial, high-pressure applications, and where the highest level of protection is required.
Type L: Has a medium wall thickness. It is the most common and versatile type, widely used for residential and commercial water supply lines (hot and cold) and for many HVAC applications.
Type M: Has the thinnest wall. It is suitable for above-ground, low-pressure residential water supply lines and some drainage applications, offering a cost-effective solution where conditions allow.
The outside diameter (OD) is the same for all three types within a given nominal size. The difference lies in the inner diameter (ID), which decreases as the wall gets thicker.
| Nominal Size (inches) | Type K | Type L | Type M |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Same for all types | ||
| Wall Thickness | Thickest | Medium | Thinnest |
| Inside Diameter (ID) | Smallest | Medium | Largest |
| 1/2" | OD: 0.625" ID: 0.527" Wall: 0.049" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.545" Wall: 0.040" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.569" Wall: 0.028" |
| 3/4" | OD: 0.875" ID: 0.745" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.785" Wall: 0.045" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.811" Wall: 0.032" |
| 1" | OD: 1.125" ID: 0.995" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.025" Wall: 0.050" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.055" Wall: 0.035" |
Our factory
We provide a full range of copper products-rods, tubes, plates, bars, wires, and strips-tailored to international specifications including ASTM, BS, and JIS. Our manufacturing capabilities feature horizontal continuous casting for large-diameter bars, rotary piercing mills for high-precision tubes, and multi-roll finishing mills for ultra-thin strips. To ensure superior quality, we implement comprehensive testing protocols: chemical analysis via XRF, mechanical property verification on universal testing machines, and non-destructive testing (ultrasonic and eddy current) for internal and surface integrity. With integrated production, rigorous inspection, and flexible customization, we deliver high-performance copper materials for electrical, HVAC, machinery, and construction industries worldwide.
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