What is C12000 copper?
Pure copper has a high electrical and thermal conductivity. Copper may readily form alloys. Grade C12000 copper possesses 95 percent IACS conductivity, minimal residual phosphorus, and strong embrittlement resistance. The machinability of Copper Grade C12000 Pipes is 20 Percent. Grade C12000 copper pipes may be annealed at temperatures ranging from 372°C to 649°C (700°F to 1200°F). Copper C12000 Pipe is used in bus bars and electromechanical hardware connections. Regular wall thickness sizes range from 1/8 inch to 12 inch diameters, while exceptionally strong wall thickness sizes range from 1/8 inch to 10 inch. Copper Grade C12000 pipe has a typical length of 12 feet. Copper C12000 pipe is appropriate for plumbing, boiler feed lines, refrigeration, and other related applications.
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Specifications of Copper C12000 Pipes
| Standard | ASTM B111 / ASTM B75 / ASTM B280 / ASTM B68 / ASME SB111 / ASME SB75 / ASME SB280 / ASME SB68 |
|---|---|
| Material | Copper |
| Outside diameter | 2-914mm |
| Outer Diameter(OD) | 4mm-150mm |
| Wall Thickness : | 0.25mm-8mm |
| Length | 1 meter-6 meter or as required |
| Types | Seamless Pipes, Pipe / Light Drawn Pipe / Light Annealed Pipe / Bright Pipe / Annealed Pipe, Annealed Pipe, Full Annealed Pipe, Hard Drawn Pipes |
| Application | 1. Pancake Coil for ACR, General Engineering Applications 2. LWC Coil for ACR, General Engineering Applications 3. Straight Copper Pipe for ACR and Refrigeration 4. Inner-grooved copper Pipe for ACR and Refrigeration 5. Copper Pipe for Transportation System of water, gas and oil 6. Semi-finished Copper Pipe for industrial applications |
Chemical Composition of TP1 Phosphorus-Deoxidized Copper
The main component of TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper is copper (Cu), with small amounts of other elements added to improve its performance. Its chemical composition is as follows:
Copper (Cu): Balance
Copper is the main component of TP1. As an excellent electrical and thermal conductor, copper provides TP1 with excellent electrical and thermal properties.
Phosphorus (P): 0.005%～0.012%
Phosphorus is the deoxidizer in TP1 phosphorus-deoxidized copper. Its content is controlled within a certain range to help reduce the oxygen content in copper and prevent the formation of oxides in the copper alloy. Compared with TP2, TP1 has a lower phosphorus content, which gives TP1 better electrical and thermal conductivity.
Tin (Sn): ≤0.002%
The tin content is extremely low. Its main function is to prevent oxidation and maintain the stability of the alloy, especially in high-temperature and humid environments.
Zinc (Zn): ≤0.005%
The zinc content is extremely low, usually existing as an impurity. The addition of small amounts of zinc will not significantly affect the conductivity of the material. Lead (Pb): ≤0.005%
Lead is another impurity present in extremely low amounts, and its presence usually does not significantly affect the performance of TP1.
Iron (Fe): ≤0.01%
Iron is a common impurity in copper alloys. Excessive iron can affect the conductivity and mechanical properties of the material; therefore, the iron content in TP1 copper is strictly controlled.
Antimony (Sb): ≤0.002%
Antimony is present in extremely low amounts in copper, and its impact on the alloy's properties is negligible.
Sulfur (S): ≤0.005%
Sulfur also exists as an impurity. Excessive sulfur may affect weldability, but the sulfur content in TP1 copper is strictly controlled.
Arsenic (As): ≤0.002%
Arsenic has a certain negative impact on the conductivity and corrosion resistance of copper alloys; therefore, its content is also limited.
Bismuth (Bi): ≤0.002%
Bismuth is another trace impurity in copper alloys, with its content controlled below 0.002%.
Oxygen (O): ≤0.01%
TP1 copper has a low oxygen content, which helps to improve its conductivity and extend its service life.
Copper C12000 Pipes Physical Properties
| Density (lb / cu. in.) | Electrical Resistivity (microhm-cm (at 68 Deg F)) | Melting Point (Deg F) | Mean Coeff Thermal Expansion | Modulus of Elasticity Tension |
| 0.323 | 10.6 | 1981 | 9.4 | 17000 |
Equivalents of UNS C12000 Copper
| Standard | Designation | Name / Description | Key Similarities |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS (USA) | C12000 | Phosphorus Deoxidized, Low Residual Phosphorus (DLP) | Base Standard |
| ASTM (USA) | B152, B124 | C12000 | |
| CDA (USA) | 120 | - | Industry Standard |
| ISO | Cu-DLP | Copper - DLP (Chemical Symbol) | Closest ISO Chemical Designation |
| EN (Europe) | Cu-DLP (EN 1412) CW024A (EN 13599) |
Copper - DLP | Chemical Composition Equivalent |
| JIS (Japan) | C1201 | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper | Nearly Identical |
| GB (China) | TP2 (Old: T2P) | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper | Note: TP2 is generally considered the closest match, though phosphorus content may differ slightly. |
| DIN (Germany) | SF-Cu (DIN 1708) | Deoxidized Copper with Low Residual Phosphorus | |
| BS (UK) | C106 | Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper for General Purposes |
FAQ
| What standards cover C12000 copper tubes? ASTM B75 (seamless), B280 (ACR tubes), EN 12735-1, and JIS H3300 are key standards for tubing. ASTM B152 covers sheet/plate forms. |
| What tempers are available for C12000 tubing? Common tempers are annealed (soft, O60), drawn (hard, H58), and light-drawn (H55). Annealed offers maximum formability; drawn provides higher strength. |
| Can C12000 be used in oxygen service or medical gas systems? Yes, after proper cleaning and degreasing, C12000 tubes are widely used in medical gas (oxygen, nitrous oxide) and high-purity gas systems due to their cleanliness and non-permeability. |
| How does phosphorus affect conductivity in C12000? The low residual phosphorus slightly reduces electrical conductivity (~85% IACS) compared to pure C11000 (~101% IACS), but it remains excellent for most thermal and electrical applications. |
| Is C12000 susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC)? Copper alloys are generally less prone to SCC than brasses, but in environments with ammonia, amines, or nitrites, SCC can occur. Proper design and avoiding sustained tensile stress in such environments are recommended. |
| What's the maximum continuous service temperature for C12000? Typically up to about 150–200°C (302–392°F) for long-term service. Short-term exposure can go higher, but annealing and softening will occur above ~250°C (482°F). |
| How should C12000 tubes be stored to prevent oxidation? Store in a dry, covered area. For long-term storage or in humid climates, sealed plastic wrapping or nitrogen purging is recommended to prevent surface tarnishing. |
| Can C12000 be bent easily? Yes, especially in the annealed temper. For hard temper tubes, bending may require a mechanical bender to avoid kinking or cracking. |
| What is the difference between TP1 (C12000) and TP2 (C12200) copper? TP1 (C12000) and TP2 (C12200) are both phosphorus-deoxidized coppers, but they differ in residual phosphorus content: TP1 (C12000): Low residual phosphorus (0.004–0.012%). Designed for applications requiring high conductivity and good weldability, such as heat exchangers and electrical components. TP2 (C12200): Higher phosphorus content (0.015–0.040%). Offers improved weldability and brazability due to better deoxidation, but has slightly lower electrical conductivity (~80% IACS). Commonly used in plumbing, HVAC, and piping systems where welding/brazing is critical. Key takeaway: TP1 prioritizes conductivity, while TP2 prioritizes weldability and brazing performance. |
| What is the difference between TP1 and TU1 copper? TP1 and TU1 are both oxygen-free coppers, but they belong to different metallurgical categories: TP1 (C12000): Phosphorus-deoxidized copper (DHP). Contains trace phosphorus to remove oxygen. Suitable for welding/brazing and offers good conductivity. TU1 (C10100): Oxygen-free electronic copper (OF). Contains no deoxidizers (virtually 0% oxygen and no phosphorus). Offers the highest purity (≥99.99% Cu) and optimal electrical/thermal conductivity (~101% IACS). Used in high-vacuum electronics, superconducting applications, and high-frequency conductors. Key takeaway: TP1 is a deoxidized copper for general engineering, while TU1 is ultra-pure oxygen-free copper for high-end electronic and specialized applications. |
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Dimensional Range Table
In plumbing and HVAC standards, copper tubing is commonly classified into three main types based on wall thickness: Type K, Type L, and Type M.
Type K: Has the thickest wall. It is the strongest and most durable, primarily used for underground burial, high-pressure applications, and where the highest level of protection is required.
Type L: Has a medium wall thickness. It is the most common and versatile type, widely used for residential and commercial water supply lines (hot and cold) and for many HVAC applications.
Type M: Has the thinnest wall. It is suitable for above-ground, low-pressure residential water supply lines and some drainage applications, offering a cost-effective solution where conditions allow.
The outside diameter (OD) is the same for all three types within a given nominal size. The difference lies in the inner diameter (ID), which decreases as the wall gets thicker.
| Nominal Size (inches) | Type K | Type L | Type M |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Same for all types | ||
| Wall Thickness | Thickest | Medium | Thinnest |
| Inside Diameter (ID) | Smallest | Medium | Largest |
| 1/2" | OD: 0.625" ID: 0.527" Wall: 0.049" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.545" Wall: 0.040" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.569" Wall: 0.028" |
| 3/4" | OD: 0.875" ID: 0.745" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.785" Wall: 0.045" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.811" Wall: 0.032" |
| 1" | OD: 1.125" ID: 0.995" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.025" Wall: 0.050" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.055" Wall: 0.035" |
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Our factory is built for precision and scale in producing copper rods, tubes, plates, bars, wires, and strips. We operate advanced equipment such as upward continuous casting systems for oxygen-free copper rods, CNC-controlled pilger mills for seamless tubes, and automated strip rolling lines with real-time thickness monitoring. All products are manufactured to meet ASTM, DIN, and customer-specific standards, with process control at every stage. Our quality assurance includes metallographic analysis, conductivity testing, and surface quality inspection via optical comparators. From raw material to finished product, we ensure consistency, performance, and on-time delivery for industrial and OEM partners globally.
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Copper product packaging
Our copper product packaging always prioritizes safety protection and professional identification. Copper rods and profiles are securely bundled with steel straps and fixed on reinforced wooden pallets, with waterproof and moisture-proof film wrapped around the exterior. Copper tubes are equipped with protective caps on both ends and packaged in custom-designed cartons or wooden crates with internal cushioning materials. Copper plates and strips are interleaved with anti-rust paper and fully encapsulated in steel-edged crates. All packages are affixed with clear product labels, specifications, and moisture-proof tags. For high-purity copper materials or those with special application requirements (such as oxygen-free copper wires and high-end copper strips), we also offer professional nitrogen-filled sealed packaging to ensure complete oxygen isolation during transportation and storage, preventing oxidation and maintaining the optimal performance and surface condition of the materials.
