ASTM B111 UNS C12200 Copper Tube
ASTM B111 UNS C12200 is a phosphorus-deoxidized copper tube, also referred to as TP2 tube, C12200 tube, or JIS H3300 C1220T tube. It is widely used in sugar refineries for condensers and evaporators, as well as in other heat transfer applications where fresh water corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity are required.
Deoxidized copper is the standard material for transferring heat from steam to water or air, thanks to its excellent resistance to corrosion by fresh water and its high thermal conductivity.
Product Overview and Common Names
This tube is known under several designations depending on the standard:
UNS No.: C12200
BSI No.: C107
ISO Name: Cu-DHP
JIS Name: C1220T
It is available as copper tube, copper pipe, TP2 tube, and ASTM B111 UNS C12200 tube.
Chemical Composition
| Element | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|
| Copper (Cu) | 99.9 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.015 – 0.040 |
The phosphorus content acts as a deoxidizer, removing oxygen from the copper to prevent hydrogen embrittlement during welding and improve corrosion resistance.
Applicable Standards
ASTM B111 UNS C12200 tube conforms to the following specifications:
ASTM: B 75, B 111, B 395
ASME: SB 111, SB 395
These standards cover seamless copper tube for general engineering, condenser, and heat exchanger applications.
Typical Applications
Due to its combination of thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, C12200 tube is used in:
Condensers
Evaporators
Heat exchanger tubes
Air conditioning and refrigeration systems
Plumbing pipes and steam tubes
It is particularly common in sugar refineries, where condensers and evaporators operate with fresh water or steam.
Available Tempers
C12200 tube is supplied in the following tempers:
| Temper | Description |
|---|---|
| H55 | Light Drawn |
| H80 | Hard Drawn |
| O61 | Annealed |
Annealed temper (O61) is recommended for bending and tube expansion. Hard drawn (H80) is used where higher strength is required.
Physical and Mechanical Properties
| Property | Metric | English |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.94 g/cm³ | 0.323 lb/in³ |
| Tensile Strength | 221 – 379 MPa | 32 – 55 ksi |
| Yield Strength | 69 – 345 MPa | 10 – 50 ksi |
| CTE, linear (20-300°C) | 17.7 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 9.8 × 10⁻⁶/°F |
| Specific Heat Capacity (20°C) | 0.0920 cal/g-°C | 0.0920 BTU/lb-°F |
| Thermal Conductivity (20°C) | 339 W/m·K | 196 BTU/(ft²·ft·h·°F) |
| Melting Point | 1083 °C | 1981 °F |
The high thermal conductivity (339 W/m·K) makes C12200 an excellent choice for heat transfer applications.
Discuss Your Project Requirements
FAQ
Q1: What is the difference between C12200 and regular copper tube?
A: C12200 contains a small amount of phosphorus (0.015-0.040%) which acts as a deoxidizer. Regular copper tube (such as C11000) does not contain phosphorus and can suffer from hydrogen embrittlement when welded. C12200 is specifically designed for welding and heat exchanger applications.
Q2: Can C12200 be used in seawater?
A: No. C12200 is not recommended for seawater service. It has good resistance to fresh water but will corrode in seawater. For seawater applications, consider C70600 (90/10 copper-nickel) or C71500 (70/30 copper-nickel).
Q3: What is the maximum operating temperature for C12200 tube?
A: C12200 can operate continuously up to approximately 200°C (400°F). Above this temperature, strength decreases significantly. For higher temperature applications, other alloys should be considered.
Q4: How to bend C12200 copper tube?
A: Use annealed temper (O61). Minimum bending radius is typically 2.5 × OD for annealed tube. Mandrel bending is recommended for tight radii. Hard drawn tube should not be bent without annealing first.
Q5: How to weld C12200 copper tube?
A: C12200 is weldable using TIG process with deoxidized filler rod (ERCu). The low oxygen content prevents gas porosity. Clean the tube thoroughly before welding and use argon shield gas.
Q6: What is the difference between ASTM B111 and ASME SB111?
A: ASME SB111 is the ASME code version of ASTM B111. Chemistry and dimensions are identical. SB111 includes additional quality assurance and certification requirements for pressure vessel applications. If your heat exchanger is ASME stamped, specify SB111.
Q7: What is the life expectancy of C12200 heat exchanger tube?
A: In properly maintained fresh water or closed-loop HVAC systems, 25-30 years is typical. Life expectancy depends on water chemistry, velocity, and maintenance practices.
Q8: Can C12200 be used for refrigeration and air conditioning?
A: Yes. C12200 is commonly used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems for condenser and evaporator coils. Its high thermal conductivity and good ductility make it ideal for these applications.
Q9: What tests are required for ASTM B111 C12200 tube?
A: Per ASTM B75/B75M-20, required tests include: chemical analysis, tensile test, hardness test, expansion test (for round tube), hydrogen embrittlement test, and nondestructive tests (eddy-current, hydrostatic, or pneumatic pressure test).
Q10: Do you supply C12200 tube in small quantities?
A: Yes. We support both small repair bundles and large production orders. Minimum order quantity depends on size and temper. Contact us with your requirements for pricing and availability.
How Do We Package Copper Heat Exchanger Tubes for Global Delivery?
Poor packaging destroys even the best copper heat exchanger tube. As a professional copper heat exchanger tube factory serving copper heat exchanger tube USA, Europe, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and India, we follow military-grade export packaging standards to ensure zero damage during sea or air freight.
Our Standard Packaging Process:
| Packaging Stage | Material / Method | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Individual Tube Protection | Anti-rust VCI paper + plastic end caps | Prevents moisture, dust, and scratches on copper tube heat exchanger inner surfaces. |
| Bundling | Nylon straps + wooden spacers | Keeps copper heat exchanger tube OD 19mm, 1 inch, or 5/8 inch sizes organized and vibration-free. |
| Moisture Barrier | Thick PE film wrap (heat-shrunk) | Blocks humidity during long sea voyages to copper heat exchanger tube Germany or Saudi Arabia. |
| Outer Packing | Export-grade plywood cases or steel-banded wooden crates | Withstands stacking and rough handling. Each crate labeled with PO number, alloy (e.g., SB111 C70600), and quantity. |
| Documentation | Packing list + Mill Test Certificate (MTC) attached outside | Customs clearance support for copper heat exchanger tube stockist and distributor partners. |
For U-Bundle Orders: U tube heat exchanger and U tube bundle heat exchanger are placed in dedicated steel jigs inside the crate to prevent bending radius distortion.
Our Factory & Equipment
| Equipment Type | Specification / Capability | Quality Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Horizontal Continuous Casting Line | 10-ton capacity | Produces homogeneous copper alloy tube for heat exchanger billets with zero porosity. |
| Three-Roll Piercing Mill | Up to 60mm OD | Precision wall thickness control for heat exchanger tube wall thickness as low as 0.5mm. |
| Cold Drawing Bench | 5 draws in sequence | Achieves tight tolerances on copper heat exchanger tube length and heat exchanger pipe diameter. |
| Straightening & Cutting Line | CNC servo-controlled | Burr-free cutting for copper heat exchanger tube 3/4 inch and 1 inch to exact project lengths. |
| U-Bending Machine | CNC mandrel type | Produces u tube condenser and U tube bundle heat exchanger without kinking or ovality. |
| Eddy Current Tester | NDT (Non-Destructive Testing) | 100% inspection of C70600 tube and C71500 tube for pinholes or cracks per ASTM B111 pdf standards. |
| Hydrostatic Tester | Up to 200 bar | Validates heat exchanger tube expansion and tube rolling integrity. |
| Spectrometer | Optical emission (OES) | Confirms chemical composition of ASME SB111, EN 12451, and JIS H3300 grades on every batch. |
Our Certifications & Compliance:
ASTM B111 pdf and ASME SB111 pdf full traceability.
ISO 9001:2015 quality management system.
Third-party inspection accepted: SGS, BV, Lloyds, or TUV.
Copper heat exchanger tube life expectancy testing reports available upon request.
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