What is TP1/C12000 copper?
TP1/C12000 copper alloy is a phosphorus-deoxidized copper, a high-purity copper material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and machinability. The "TP" in its name stands for "deoxidized phosphorus copper," and "1" indicates a lower phosphorus content. This material effectively reduces oxygen content through a phosphorus deoxidation process, avoiding hydrogen embrittlement while maintaining the inherent properties of copper. It is widely used in precision electronics, heat exchangers, and piping systems.
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Chemical Composition
| Elements | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cu(1) | P | |
| (1) Cu value includes Ag. | ||
| Min (%) | 99.90 | 0.004 |
| Max (%) | 0.012 | |
Mechanical Properties
| Form | Temper | Temper Code | Tensile Strength (ksi) |
YS-0.5% Ext (ksi) |
Elongation (%) |
Rockwell B scale | Rockwell F scale | Rockwell 30T scale | Shear Strength (ksi) |
Fatigue Strength** (ksi) |
Section Size (in) |
Cold Work (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| * Measured at room temperature, 68°F (20°C).** Fatigue Strength: 100 x 106 cycles, unless indicated as [N] x 106. | ||||||||||||
| Flat Products | 1/2 Hard | H02 | 42 Typ | 36 Typ | 14 Typ | 40 Typ | 84 Typ | 50 Typ | 26 Typ | 13 Typ | 0.04 | |
| 1/4 Hard | H01 | 38 Typ | 30 Typ | 25 Typ | 25 Typ | 70 Typ | 36 Typ | 25 Typ | 0.04 | |||
| 1/4 Hard | H01 | 38 Typ | 30 Typ | 35 Typ | 25 Typ | 70 Typ | 25 Typ | 0.25 | ||||
| 1/8 Hard | H00 | 36 Typ | 28 Typ | 40 Typ | 10 Typ | 60 Typ | 25 Typ | 0.25 | ||||
| 1/8 Hard | H00 | 36 Typ | 28 Typ | 30 Typ | 10 Typ | 60 Typ | 25 Typ | 25 Typ | 0.04 | |||
| As Hot Rolled | M20 | 34 Typ | 10 Typ | 45 Typ | 45 Typ | 23 Typ | 0.04 | |||||
| As Hot Rolled | M20 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.25 | |||||
| Extra Spring | H10 | 57 Typ | 53 Typ | 4 Typ | 62 Typ | 95 Typ | 64 Typ | 29 Typ | 0.04 | |||
| Hard | H04 | 50 Typ | 45 Typ | 12 Typ | 50 Typ | 90 Typ | 28 Typ | 0.25 | ||||
| Hard | H04 | 50 Typ | 45 Typ | 6 Typ | 50 Typ | 90 Typ | 57 Typ | 28 Typ | 13 Typ | 0.04 | ||
| Hard | H04 | 45 Typ | 40 Typ | 20 Typ | 45 Typ | 85 Typ | 26 Typ | 1 | ||||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.025 mm | OS025 | 34 Typ | 11 Typ | 45 Typ | 45 Typ | 23 Typ | 11 Typ | 0.04 | ||||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.050 mm | OS050 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.25 | |||||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.050 mm | OS050 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 45 Typ | 40 Typ | 32 Typ | 0.04 | |||||
| Spring | H08 | 55 Typ | 50 Typ | 4 Typ | 60 Typ | 94 Typ | 63 Typ | 29 Typ | 14 Typ | 0.04 | ||
| Pipe | Hard | H04 | 50 Typ | 45 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 90 Typ | 28 Typ | 30 | |||
| Rod | As Hot Rolled | M20 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 55 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 1 | ||||
| Hard | H04 | 55 Typ | 50 Typ | 20 Typ | 60 Typ | 94 Typ | 29 Typ | 0.025 | 40 | |||
| Hard | H04 | 45 Typ | 40 Typ | 20 Typ | 45 Typ | 85 Typ | 26 Typ | 2 | 16 | |||
| Hard | H04 | 48 Typ | 44 Typ | 16 Typ | 47 Typ | 87 Typ | 27 Typ | 17 Typ | 1 | 35 | ||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.050 mm | OS050 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 55 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 1 | |||||
| Shapes | As Hot Extruded | M30 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.5 | ||||
| As Hot Rolled | M20 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.5 | |||||
| Hard | H04 | 40 Typ | 32 Typ | 30 Typ | 35 Typ | 23 Typ | 0.5 | 15 | ||||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.050 mm | OS050 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 50 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.5 | |||||
| Tube | Hard Drawn | H80 | 55 Typ | 50 Typ | 8 Typ | 60 Typ | 95 Typ | 63 Typ | 29 Typ | 0.065 | 40 | |
| Light Drawn, Light Cold Rolled | H55 | 40 Typ | 32 Typ | 25 Typ | 35 Typ | 77 Typ | 45 Typ | 26 Typ | 0.065 | 15 | ||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.025 mm | OS025 | 34 Typ | 11 Typ | 45 Typ | 45 Typ | 23 Typ | 0.065 | |||||
| Nominal Grain Size 0.050 mm | OS050 | 32 Typ | 10 Typ | 45 Typ | 40 Typ | 22 Typ | 0.065 | |||||
Physical Properties
| Melting Point - Liquidus°F | 1981 |
|---|---|
| Melting Point - Solidus°F | 1981 |
| Densitylb/cu in. at 68°F | 0.323 |
| Specific Gravity | 8.94 |
| Electrical Conductivity% IACS at 68°F | 98 (1) |
| Thermal ConductivityBtu/ sq ft/ ft hr/ °F at 68°F | 223 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 68-21210 to -6 power per °F (68 – 212°F) | 9.4 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 68-39210 to -6 power per °F (68 – 392°F) | 9.6 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 68-57210 to -6 power per °F (68 – 572°F) | 9.8 |
| Specific Heat CapacityBtu/ lb /°F at 68°F | 0.092 |
| Modulus of Elasticity in Tensionksi | 17000 |
| Modulus of Rigidityksi | 6400 |
Fabrication Properties
| Technique | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Soldering | Excellent |
| Brazing | Excellent |
| Oxyacetylene Welding | Fair |
| Gas Shielded Arc Welding | Excellent |
| Coated Metal Arc Welding | Not Recommended |
| Spot Weld | Not Recommended |
| Seam Weld | Not Recommended |
| Butt Weld | Good |
| Capacity for Being Cold Worked | Excellent |
| Capacity for Being Hot Formed | Excellent |
| Forgeability Rating | 65 |
| Machinability Rating | 20 |
Storage Precautions:
*Correct Selection: Select appropriate specifications (outer diameter, wall thickness) and conditions of copper tubing based on the actual application scenario (e.g., operating pressure, medium temperature, type of fluid being transported). For example, copper tubing used in refrigeration systems has extremely high requirements for cleanliness and dryness.
*Storage and Handling: Copper tubing should be stored in a dry, clean warehouse, avoiding contact with corrosive substances such as acids, alkalis, and salts. Handle with care during transport to prevent bumps, deformation, and surface scratches.
*Processing and Installation:
*Cutting: It is recommended to use a dedicated copper tubing cutter to ensure a clean, burr-free cut. If sawing is used, thoroughly remove any metal shavings from both inside and outside the pipe opening afterward.
*Pipe Bending: Use appropriate bending tools for cold bending to avoid excessively sharp bends that could cause wrinkling or collapse of the pipe wall.
*Welding and Brazing: This is a critical step in installation. Use appropriate solder and flux, and have the work performed by qualified personnel to ensure full, smooth welds without any gaps or incomplete welds. Thoroughly remove any residual flux after the operation.
*System Cleaning and Pressure Testing: After installation, purge or clean the entire piping system to ensure it is free of foreign objects. Finally, conduct a pressure test to check if the system's sealing meets requirements.
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Dimensional Range Table
In plumbing and HVAC standards, copper tubing is commonly classified into three main types based on wall thickness: Type K, Type L, and Type M.
Type K: Has the thickest wall. It is the strongest and most durable, primarily used for underground burial, high-pressure applications, and where the highest level of protection is required.
Type L: Has a medium wall thickness. It is the most common and versatile type, widely used for residential and commercial water supply lines (hot and cold) and for many HVAC applications.
Type M: Has the thinnest wall. It is suitable for above-ground, low-pressure residential water supply lines and some drainage applications, offering a cost-effective solution where conditions allow.
The outside diameter (OD) is the same for all three types within a given nominal size. The difference lies in the inner diameter (ID), which decreases as the wall gets thicker.
| Nominal Size (inches) | Type K | Type L | Type M |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Same for all types | ||
| Wall Thickness | Thickest | Medium | Thinnest |
| Inside Diameter (ID) | Smallest | Medium | Largest |
| 1/2" | OD: 0.625" ID: 0.527" Wall: 0.049" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.545" Wall: 0.040" |
OD: 0.625" ID: 0.569" Wall: 0.028" |
| 3/4" | OD: 0.875" ID: 0.745" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.785" Wall: 0.045" |
OD: 0.875" ID: 0.811" Wall: 0.032" |
| 1" | OD: 1.125" ID: 0.995" Wall: 0.065" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.025" Wall: 0.050" |
OD: 1.125" ID: 1.055" Wall: 0.035" |
Our copper factory
Our factory is built for precision and scale in producing copper rods, tubes, plates, bars, wires, and strips. We operate advanced equipment such as upward continuous casting systems for oxygen-free copper rods, CNC-controlled pilger mills for seamless tubes, and automated strip rolling lines with real-time thickness monitoring. All products are manufactured to meet ASTM, DIN, and customer-specific standards, with process control at every stage. Our quality assurance includes metallographic analysis, conductivity testing, and surface quality inspection via optical comparators. From raw material to finished product, we ensure consistency, performance, and on-time delivery for industrial and OEM partners globally.

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Copper product packaging
Our copper product packaging always prioritizes safety protection and professional identification. Copper rods and profiles are securely bundled with steel straps and fixed on reinforced wooden pallets, with waterproof and moisture-proof film wrapped around the exterior. Copper tubes are equipped with protective caps on both ends and packaged in custom-designed cartons or wooden crates with internal cushioning materials. Copper plates and strips are interleaved with anti-rust paper and fully encapsulated in steel-edged crates. All packages are affixed with clear product labels, specifications, and moisture-proof tags. For high-purity copper materials or those with special application requirements (such as oxygen-free copper wires and high-end copper strips), we also offer professional nitrogen-filled sealed packaging to ensure complete oxygen isolation during transportation and storage, preventing oxidation and maintaining the optimal performance and surface condition of the materials.


















