C11000 Purple Copper Bar (Physical And Mechanical Properties)

C11000 Purple Copper Bar Encyclopedia Details

I. Material Overview

C11000 copper rod is a pure copper material made of electrolytic copper (copper content ≥ 99.90%) of very high purity, belonging to the industrial pure copper (i.e., "purple copper") is a typical representative. Its naming follows the American ASTM standard system, "C" on behalf of copper and its alloys, the number "11000" for the specific grade identification. C11000 copper has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, plasticity and corrosion resistance, known as the "red metal of industry". "C11000 copper is widely used in electric power transmission, electronic devices, building decoration and heat exchange systems.
Second, chemical composition and standards

According to ASTM B187/B187M standard, the chemical composition requirements of C11000 copper violet are as follows (mass percent)

Copper (Cu): ≥99.90% (total impurities ≤0.1%);

Oxygen (O): ≤ 0.04% (residual trace oxygen in electrolytic copper);

Other impurities: such as sulfur (S), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), etc. are strictly controlled at trace levels.

Note: China's corresponding national standard grade for T2 pure copper (GB/T 5231-2012), the composition is basically the same as C11000, but the standard system is slightly different.
Physical and mechanical properties

Physical properties

Density: 8.89~8.94 g/cm³ (close to the theoretical density of pure copper 8.96 g/cm³);

Melting point: 1083 ℃ (pure copper melting point);

Electrical conductivity: ≥100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), a benchmark for electrical conductivity in metallic materials;

Thermal conductivity: about 385 W/(m-K), second only to silver, is a highly efficient thermal conductivity material.

Mechanical properties (annealed state as an example)

Tensile strength (Rm): 200~250 MPa (soft state);

Yield strength (Rp0.2): 30~50 MPa;

Elongation (A): 45%~55%, showing excellent plasticity;

Hardness: HB 35~45 (soft state), up to HB 100 or more after cold working.

Cold working characteristics: through cold rolling, cold drawing and other processes can significantly increase the strength (tensile strength up to 400 MPa), but the plasticity is greatly reduced.

Material properties and core advantages

Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity

Conductivity for the first industrial metals, widely used in wires and cables, motor windings, circuit connectors, etc.;

Excellent thermal conductivity, is the ideal material for radiators, heat exchanger pipes.

Excellent processing performance

Can be hot rolled, cold rolled, stamped, forged, deep-drawn, and almost all plastic processing techniques;

Annealing temperature range: 400~700℃ for easy recovery of plasticity.

Corrosion resistance

Good corrosion resistance in dry atmosphere, fresh water and non-oxidizing acids (such as dilute sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid);

It is easy to oxidize and generate green rust (basic copper carbonate) in humid environment or sulfur-containing atmosphere, and needs surface protection.

V. Typical application areas

Power and electronic industry

High-voltage cable conductors, transformer windings, integrated circuit lead frame;

Brushes, conductive terminals, grounding devices.

Construction and Decoration Engineering

Roof flashing, rainwater pipes, decorative reliefs;

Classical architectural components (e.g. copper doors, copper tiles).

Heat exchange system

Air-conditioning and refrigeration copper tubes, solar collector piping;

Industrial boiler heat transfer elements.

Other fields

Sculpture art casting, coin blanks, food grade containers (surface plating required).
Sixth, processing and treatment process

Heat treatment

Annealing: 500~650℃ heat preservation and then slow cooling to eliminate cold work hardening and restore plasticity;

No need to quench or temper, pure copper without phase change strengthening effect.

Surface treatment

Chemical passivation: chromate or benzotriazole (BTA) treatment to retard oxidation;

Plating: Nickel, tin or silver plating for corrosion resistance or solderability;

Coating: epoxy resin coating for outdoor corrosion prevention.

VII. Market and Selection Suggestions

Price range: Significantly affected by the fluctuation of international copper prices, about 60~80 RMB/kg (bare copper price, depending on specifications and status);

Alternative materials:

Brass (e.g. H62) or bronze (e.g. QSn6.5-0.1) when higher strength is required;

White brass (e.g. BFe10-1-1) for higher corrosion resistance.

Specification of C11000 copper available from GNEE

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