Two Phosphorus-Deoxidized Coppers
Copper tubing is widely used across HVAC, plumbing, refrigeration, and industrial fluid systems. While both TP1 and TP2 are phosphorus-deoxidized copper tubes, they serve different purposes based on chemical composition, mechanical properties, and performance characteristics.
Chemical Composition Comparison
Both grades have copper plus silver at least 99.9 percent and oxygen at 0.01 percent maximum. The primary difference is phosphorus content: TP1, C12000, contains 0.004 to 0.012 percent, while TP2, C12200, contains 0.015 to 0.040 percent. Other impurities are tightly controlled at 0.1 percent total for both.
Mechanical Properties Comparison
TP1 has a tensile strength of 215 to 345 MPa and yield of 60 to 300 MPa depending on temper, with elongation of 25 to 45 percent annealed. TP2 has a tensile strength of 210 to 340 MPa and yield of 55 to 295 MPa with elongation of 25 to 40 percent annealed. TP1 generally offers slightly better ductility, while both have high fatigue strength for dynamic pressure applications.
Physical and Performance Properties
TP1 has an electrical conductivity of about 85 percent IACS and thermal conductivity of about 350 W per meter per Kelvin. TP2 has about 80 percent IACS and 330 W per meter per Kelvin. Brazability and weldability are very good for TP1 and excellent for TP2, because the higher phosphorus content aids capillary flow during brazing. Both offer excellent corrosion resistance and cold bending performance in the annealed condition.
Application Guidance
Choose TP1 for heat exchanger tubes, refrigeration and ACR tubes, hydraulic and pneumatic lines, fuel and oil lines, and electrical busbars where conductivity and fatigue resistance matter. Choose TP2 for plumbing water tubes, HVAC refrigerant lines with extensive brazing, and medical gas tubing where joint reliability is critical. For applications requiring a balance of conductivity and joinability, both may be considered and the final choice dictated by cost and availability.
Standards
Both grades are covered under ASTM B75 for seamless tube, B88 for water tube, B280 for ACR tube, EN 12735-1, JIS H3300, and NSF/ANSI 61 for drinking water systems.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the phosphorus difference?
A: TP1 has 0.004 to 0.012 percent; TP2 has 0.015 to 0.040 percent.
Q: Which has higher conductivity?
A: TP1, at about 85 percent IACS versus 80 percent.
Q: Which is better for brazing?
A: TP2, with excellent brazability for leak-free joints.
Q: Which suits heat exchangers?
A: TP1, with higher thermal conductivity.
Q: Are both suitable for drinking water?
A: Yes, per NSF/ANSI 61 and water standards.
Q: What is the elongation of annealed TP1?
A: 25 to 45 percent.
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