Physical properties
The chart below compares the physical properties of metals used in roofs. It is important to distinguish the metals and their properties according to intended assembly and usage. With metals, a particular problem is their flexibility due to heat expansion. Copper is 1.4 times more flexible than iron, making it more or less the same as stainless steel, and is 70% as flexible as aluminum. In the height of summer the surface temperature of copper sheets reaches 80℃ making a difference of 90-100℃ with its winter temperatures. The heat expansion based on this temperature difference is 100 x 1.7 = 170mm. For example, a single batten seam of 100m will expand and contract by 170mm. The longest piece of copper plating is fixed at 6m and between 5-6m expansion is taken for this size variance for tiling.
According to Young's modulus, which is the standard for stretching and bending, copper comes in at 60% of lead making it a fairly soft metal. While this makes it easy to work on, it also leads to change in its shape due to expansion and contraction and external force. It is 3/4 as hard as iron and half as hard as stainless steal meaning the surface can be damaged during assembly – care must be taken during any work performed on the metal.
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| Property | Copper | Aluminum | Zinc | SUS304 | |||||
| Relative density | 8.94 | 2.70 | 7.86 | 7.93 | |||||
| Linear rate of expansion (mm/100m/℃) | 1.7 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 1.7 | |||||
| Rate of heat conduction (W/m・℃) | 385 | 138 | 54 | 16 | |||||
| Specific heat (J/g・℃) | 0.38 | 0.96 | 0.48 | 0.5 | |||||
| Yield point (N/㎟) | 137 | 216 | 264 | 235 | |||||
| Young's modulus(104N/㎟)) | 12 | 7 | 21 | 20 | |||||
| Tensile strength (N/㎟) | 245 | 245 | 343 | 588 | |||||
| Shear resistance(N/㎟) | 196 | 98 | 294 | 490 | |||||
| Hardness(Hv) | 75 | 75 | 100 | 150 | |||||






