Material Identification
| Designation System | Code | Standard Reference |
|---|---|---|
| UNS Number | C11000 | ASTM B124/B152 |
| European Standard | CW004A | EN 1412 |
| Japanese Standard | C1100 | JIS H3100 |
| ISO Designation | Cu-ETP | ISO 1634-1 |
Chemical Composition (wt%)
| Element | Minimum | Maximum | Typical | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper + Silver | 99.90 | - | 99.95 | Primary constituent |
| Oxygen | 0.015 | 0.040 | 0.025 | 150-400 ppm as Cu₂O |
| Silver | - | 0.030 | 0.015 | Counted in copper total |
| Lead | - | 0.005 | 0.002 | Impurity control |
| Iron | - | 0.005 | 0.002 | Impurity control |
| Tin | - | 0.002 | <0.001 | Impurity control |
| Zinc | - | 0.002 | <0.001 | Impurity control |
| Total Other Impurities | - | 0.050 | 0.020 | Excluding oxygen |
Physical Properties at 20°C
| Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical Properties | |||
| Electrical Conductivity | ≥58 MS/m (100% IACS) | ≥100% IACS | ASTM E1004 |
| Electrical Resistivity | 1.724 µΩ·cm | 6.79 µΩ·in | ASTM B193 |
| Temperature Coefficient | 0.00393 /°C | 0.00218 /°F | - |
| Thermal Properties | |||
| Thermal Conductivity | 390 W/m·K | 270 BTU·ft/(h·ft²·°F) | ASTM E1461 |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.385 J/g·K | 0.092 BTU/(lb·°F) | - |
| Thermal Expansion (20-300°C) | 16.5 × 10⁻⁶ /°C | 9.2 × 10⁻⁶ /°F | ASTM E228 |
| Physical Constants | |||
| Density | 8.94 g/cm³ | 0.323 lb/in³ | - |
| Melting Point | 1,083°C | 1,981°F | - |
| Elastic Modulus | 117 GPa | 17,000 ksi | ASTM E111 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | 0.34 | - |
Mechanical Properties
Annealed Condition (O60/O61)
| Property | Value Range | Typical | Test Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 210-250 MPa | 230 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
| 0.2% Yield Strength | 70-100 MPa | 85 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
| Elongation (50mm gauge) | 45-55% | 50% | ASTM E8/E8M |
| Rockwell Hardness | 45-65 HRB | 55 HRB | ASTM E18 |
Cold-Worked Tempers
| Temper | Reduction (%) | UTS (MPa) | YS 0.2% (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HRB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H02 | ~25 | 300 | 200 | 25 | 70 |
| H04 | ~50 | 350 | 280 | 10 | 85 |
| H08 | ~75 | 400 | 320 | 5 | 95 |
Fatigue Properties
| Test Condition | Endurance Limit | Cycles | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rotating Beam (R = -1) | ~90 MPa | 10⁷ | Room temperature |
| Axial Load (R = 0.1) | ~120 MPa | 10⁷ | Annealed condition |
C11000 Copper Pipe
C11000 Copper Plate
C11000 Copper Rod
C11000 Copper Wire
Fabrication Characteristics
| Process | Suitability | Parameters/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Forming Operations | ||
| Cold Drawing | Excellent | Deep drawing ratio r̄ ≈ 2.0 |
| Bending | Excellent | Min. bend radius = 1t (annealed) |
| Stamping | Excellent | Clean blanking possible |
| Hot Working | Good | Temperature range: 700-900°C |
| Joining Methods | ||
| Soft Soldering | Excellent | Use rosin-based flux |
| Silver Brazing | Excellent | Preferred for HVAC applications |
| Resistance Welding | Fair | Control expulsion |
| TIG/MIG Welding | Limited | Porosity issues |
| Friction Stir Welding | Good | Solid-state process |
| Machining | ||
| General Machinability | Good | Tool life index: 20 (Brass = 100) |
| Recommended Speed | 120 m/min | Carbide tools with flood coolant |
Corrosion Resistance
| Environment | Performance | Corrosion Rate | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atmosphere (Urban) | Excellent | <0.01 mm/year | Forms protective oxide |
| Fresh Water | Excellent | <0.005 mm/year | Suitable for potable water |
| Seawater (static) | Good | 0.02-0.05 mm/year | Copper-nickel preferred >2 m/s |
| Neutral Soil | Good | Variable | PE sleeve in acidic conditions |
| Reducing Atmospheres | Poor | - | Risk of hydrogen embrittlement |
Applications by Industry
| Industry Sector | Typical Applications | Key Requirements Met |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical Power | Busbars, switchgear contacts, transformer windings | High conductivity, reliability |
| Electronics | PCB traces, connectors, RF components | Conductivity, solderability |
| HVAC/Refrigeration | Heat exchanger tubes, refrigerant lines | Thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance |
| Construction | Plumbing, roofing, architectural elements | Durability, formability, aesthetics |
| Automotive | Radiators, brake lines, electrical harnesses | Heat transfer, vibration resistance |
| Marine | Heat exchangers, piping systems | Seawater compatibility |
Applicable Standards
| Organization | Standard Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM International | ||
| B124 | Copper and Copper Alloy Bars and Rods | |
| B152 | Copper Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar | |
| B187 | Copper Busbar | |
| B188 | Seamless Copper Tube | |
| B837 | Seamless ID-Controlled Copper Tube | |
| European Standards | ||
| EN 13599 | Copper and Copper Alloys – Chemical Composition | |
| EN 13601 | Copper Rod, Bar and Wire for Electrical Purposes | |
| International Standards | ||
| ISO 1634-1 | Wrought Copper – Chemical Composition | |
| ISO 2009 | Copper and Copper Alloys – Cast Products | |
| Japanese Standards | ||
| JIS H3100 | Copper and Copper Alloy Sheets and Strips | |
| JIS H3250 | Copper and Copper Alloy Seamless Pipes and Tubes |
Quality Control Testing
| Test Category | Method | Frequency | Acceptance Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Analysis | |||
| Copper Content | OES/AAS | Each heat | ≥99.90% (incl. Ag) |
| Oxygen Content | Inert gas fusion | Each heat | 0.015-0.040% |
| Mechanical Testing | |||
| Tensile Properties | ASTM E8/E8M | Per lot | Per specification |
| Hardness | ASTM E18 | Per coil/bar | Per specification |
| Electrical Testing | |||
| Conductivity | ASTM E1004 | Per lot | ≥100% IACS |
| Dimensional Control | |||
| Thickness/Diameter | Micrometry | Continuous | ±tolerance |
| Non-Destructive Testing | |||
| Surface Quality | Eddy current | As required | No detectable defects |
Storage and Handling
| Parameter | Recommendation | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Storage Environment | Dry, ventilated area | Prevent tarnishing |
| Humidity Control | <60% RH | Minimize oxidation |
| Temperature | Ambient | Avoid thermal cycling |
| Packaging | Moisture barrier, VCI paper | Corrosion prevention |
| Handling | Clean gloves, avoid scratching | Maintain surface quality |
Product Forms We Can Provide
| Product Category | Material Standards | Common Alloys | Key Specifications (Can be Customized) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Tubes | ASTM B75, B88, B280,B111; EN 12449, 12451; DIN EN 12735; JIS H3300 | C10100 (OFE), C11000 (ETP), C12200 (DHP), C23000, C70600,C71500 | OD: 3mm - 300mm Wall Thickness: 0.5mm - 20mm Temper: Soft (O), Half-Hard (H50), Hard (H80) Form: Straight Lengths, Coils, U-Bends |
| Copper Sheets / Plates | ASTM B152, B248, B248M; EN 1652; DIN 1787; JIS H3100, H3250 | C10100 (OFE), C11000, C10200 (OF), C26000, C86200 | Thickness: 0.3mm - 100mm Width: Up to 1200mm Length: Up to 3000mm (or coils) Surface: Mill, Polished, Brushed |
| Copper Rods / Bars | ASTM B187, B301, B411; EN 12163, 12164; DIN 17672; JIS H3250 | C10100 (OFE), C11000, C14500, C36000, C63000 | Diameter/Rect. Size: 3mm - 300mm Shape: Round, Square, Hexagonal, Rectangular Condition: Drawn, Extruded, Hot Rolled |
| Copper Wires | ASTM B1, B2, B3, B258; EN 13601; IEC 60228; JIS H3100 | C10100 (OFE), C11000, C14420, C14500 | Diameter: 0.1mm - 20mm Temper: Soft, Annealed, Hard-Drawn Form: Bare, Tinned, Stranded, on Spools |
| Copper Foils / Strips | ASTM B103, B370; EN 1652; DIN 1787; JIS H3100 | C10100 (OFE), C10200, C11000, C19400, C26800 | Thickness: 0.02mm - 2.0mm Width: Up to 600mm Temper: Rolled, Annealed |
| CNC Machining Parts | As per Customer Drawing/Req. | All Common Copper Alloys (including C10100, C11000, C86200, etc.) | Process: Turning, Milling, Drilling, Tapping Tolerance: ±0.005mm - ±0.1mm Post-Processing: Deburring, Polishing, Plating |
Our factory
Our manufacturing facility operates a comprehensive and modern production line, equipped with advanced continuous casting, precision rolling, high-speed drawing, and multi-axis CNC machining centers, enabling us to process copper and copper alloys (such as C10100, C11000, C12200, C71500,C70600 etc.) into a full range of products including tubes, sheets, rods, wires, and foils. To ensure top-tier quality, we have implemented a rigorous in-process and final inspection system, utilizing state-of-the-art equipment such as spectrometers for material verification, digital tensile testers for mechanical property checks, precision dimensional gauges, and eddy current or ultrasonic testers for defect detection, guaranteeing that every product meets or exceeds international standards such as ASTM, EN, and JIS, as well as specific customer requirements.
