National Standard: GB/T 5231-2012 clearly defines the chemical composition of T2 and T3 copper. T2 corresponds to ASTM C11000, while T3 has no direct ASTM equivalent.
Copper Bars
T2 Copper Bar
Power Systems: Used for busbars in high-voltage distribution cabinets and transformer winding connections. Its conductivity ≥ 58 MS/m (IACS 100%) helps reduce energy loss.
New Energy: Connection busbars for battery modules in electric vehicles and for energy storage systems, requiring tolerance for currents exceeding 2000A.
Precision Equipment: Grounding bars in semiconductor manufacturing vacuum chambers, requiring a surface roughness ≤ Ra 0.8μm to ensure signal stability.
T3 Copper Bar
Building Electrical: Branch busbars in residential distribution boxes, with over 60% of specifications being under 30mm in width, costing about 5% less than T2.
Industrial Machinery: Electrical connectors in hydraulic systems (e.g., for injection molding machines), offering corrosion resistance to oil and ability to withstand vibration stress.
Copper Rods
T2 Copper Rod
Aerospace: Liners for aircraft landing gear actuators, utilizing its non-magnetic properties (permeability ≤ 1.003) to avoid interfering with avionics systems.
Medical Devices: Slip ring shafts for CT machines, requiring FDA-certified biocompatibility tests.
T3 Copper Rod
Automotive: Electrodes for spark plugs in internal combustion engine vehicles, with an annual consumption exceeding 10 billion pieces for 2.5mm diameter specifications.
Hardware: Valve core shafts for high-end faucets, achieving up to 96 hours in salt spray tests after nickel plating.
Copper Strips
T2 Copper Strip
Electronics Packaging: Shielding strips for 5G base station filter cavities (thickness 0.15mm±0.005mm), requiring passage of 20GHz RF attenuation tests.
Photovoltaics: Heat dissipation substrates for IGBT modules in inverters, with thermal conductivity ≥ 380 W/(m·K).
T3 Copper Strip
Appliance Components: Terminal connectors for air conditioning compressors, requiring tensile strength ≥ 250 MPa after stamping.
Decorative Materials: Inlay strips for building curtain walls, achieving 500 hours in QUV accelerated weathering tests after surface oxidation/coloring.
Busbars
T2 Busbar
Ultra-High Voltage Transmission: Busbars in ±800kV converter station valve halls, with a single-bar current capacity exceeding 6000A, requiring passing of lightning impulse tests (1.2/50μs waveform).
Data Centers: Busbars for high-density rack PDUs, often using copper-aluminum composite structures (30% copper) to reduce weight.
T3 Busbar
Industrial Plants: Busbars for workshop power distribution cabinets, commonly sized 50×5mm, supporting custom bending radii ≤ 30mm.
Shipbuilding: Emergency power busbars in engine rooms, with seawater corrosion resistance rated C4-M.
Copper Wires
T2 Copper Wire
High-Frequency Electronics: Antenna elements for satellite communication, requiring ultra-fine wires (0.05mm diameter) to pass 10GHz signal attenuation tests.
Medical Equipment: Electrode leads for pacemakers, requiring a gold-plated layer thickness ≥ 0.2μm to ensure biocompatibility.
T3 Copper Wire
Hardware: Zipper wire, with an annual production capacity exceeding 50,000 tons for 0.3mm diameter specifications, often coated with polyester resin for oxidation resistance.
Construction: Wire for security mesh weaving, achieving 48 hours in salt spray tests after hot-dip galvanizing.
Copper Rods (for Drawing/Wire)
T2 Copper Rod (Wire Rod)
EHV Cables: Conductors for 500kV and above power cables, requiring a compaction factor ≥ 0.92 per IEC 60228 standard.
Special Conductors: Inner copper conductor for ACCC (Carbon Fiber Composite Core) cables, requiring tensile strength ≥ 300 MPa.
T3 Copper Rod (Wire Rod)
Standard Cables: Used for BVR flexible stranded wires, employing nano-level lubricants during drawing to reduce breakage rates.
Decorative Wire: Welding wire for art sculptures, with 1.2mm diameter specifications suitable for laser cladding.
T2 vs. T3 Copper - Key Applications & Properties
| Product Form | Material | Typical Applications | Key Properties / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Bar | T2 | High-voltage busbars, EV battery/energy storage connectors, precision grounding bars. | High conductivity (≥58 MS/m), high purity for critical electrical/electronic uses. |
| T3 | Residential/light industrial electrical busbars, mechanical connectors. | Cost-effective (≈5% cheaper than T2), good for non-critical electrical/mechanical uses. | |
| Copper Rod | T2 | Aerospace components (non-magnetic), medical device parts. | Non-magnetic, biocompatible, high-performance. |
| T3 | Automotive spark plugs, hardware/faucet components. | Cost-effective for high-volume mechanical parts, good machinability. | |
| Copper Strip | T2 | 5G/RF shielding, inverter heat sinks. | High precision, excellent thermal/electrical conductivity. |
| T3 | Appliance terminals, decorative architectural elements. | Good strength/formability, suitable for plating/coating. | |
| Busbar | T2 | Ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission, data center power distribution. | Extremely high current capacity, specialized for critical power infrastructure. |
| T3 | Industrial/plant power distribution, marine electrical. | Good formability, corrosion resistant, for general industrial power. | |
| Copper Wire | T2 | High-frequency antenna wires, medical implant leads. | Ultra-fine precision, high-frequency performance, biocompatible. |
| T3 | Zippers, woven security mesh. | High-volume production, coated for durability/oxidation resistance. | |
| Copper Rod (Wire Rod) | T2 | EHV cable conductors, special composite cable cores. | High strength/compaction for demanding cable applications. |
| T3 | Standard flexible cables, decorative/sculpture wire. | Cost-effective for general cabling, good for forming/welding. |
Our product range
| Product Category | Product Name | Common Standard Grades | Key Specifications (Typical) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Tubes / Pipes | • Straight & Coiled Tubes • Refrigeration Tubes • Capillary Tubes • Heat Exchanger Tubes |
C11000 (ETP Copper) C12200 (DHP Phosphorous Copper) C12000 (DLP Phosphorous Copper) EN 12735-1: CU-DHP JIS H3300: C1220, C1100 |
Standards: ASTM B75, B88, B280, EN 12735 OD: 3mm - 300mm Wall Thickness: 0.3mm - 10mm Condition: Annealed (O), Hard (H) |
|
| Copper Sheets / Plates | • Hot Rolled Plates • Cold Rolled Sheets • Cut-to-Size Blanks |
C11000 (ETP Copper) C10200 (Oxygen-Free Copper) C26000 (Cartridge Brass) C70600 (90-10 CuNi) |
Standards: ASTM B152, B465 Thickness: 0.5mm - 50mm (Plates: >3mm) Width: up to 1500mm Length: up to 4000mm or custom Condition: Rolled, annealed, mill finish |
|
| Copper Rods / Bars | • Round, Square, Hexagonal Rods • Copper Alloy Rods • Precision Ground Bars |
C11000 (ETP Copper) C36000 (Free-Cutting Brass) C26000 (Cartridge Brass) C10200 (Oxygen-Free Copper) C17200 (Beryllium Copper) |
Standards: ASTM B187, B301, EN 12163, 12164 Diameter: 2mm - 200mm Length: Straight bars up to 6m, coils available Condition: Drawn, extruded, annealed |
|
| Copper Wires | • Bare Copper Wire (Hard/Soft) • Enamelled (Magnet) Wire • Stranded & Bunched Wires • Braided Wires & Flexibles |
C11000 (ETP Copper) C10200 (Oxygen-Free Copper) C10100 (C-OF Copper) Grade: 1/2 Hard, 1/4 Hard, Soft |
Standards: ASTM B1, B2, B3, IEC 60228 Diameter: 0.05mm - 12mm (bare) Conductivity: 100% IACS min. Packaging: Spools, coils, drums |
|
| Copper Foils | • Rolled Strips (in Coils) • Thin Foils • Connector Alloy Strips |
C11000 (ETP Copper) C26000 (Cartridge Brass) C19210 (Phosphor Bronze, 1.0%) C26800 (Yellow Brass) |
Standards: ASTM B152, B465, EN 1652 Thickness: 0.05mm - 3.0mm (Strips), <0.05mm (Foil) Width: 10mm - 600mm (typical coil width) Condition: Hard (H), 1/2 Hard, Soft (O), rolled temper |
Our factory
We are a specialized manufacturing factory with integrated production capabilities for copper and copper alloy products, including tubes, rods, bars, plates, sheets, strips, and wires. Our facility is equipped with modern production lines featuring extrusion presses, continuous casting machines, precision rolling mills, drawing benches, and controlled annealing furnaces, enabling us to control the entire process from raw material to finished product. Supported by an in-house laboratory for quality assurance and compliant with international standards (ASTM, EN, JIS), we provide customized solutions, reliable packaging, and efficient export logistics to serve global clients in HVAC&R, electrical, automotive, and industrial sectors.
copper product packaging
We take great care in packaging to ensure our copper products arrive in perfect condition. Standard packaging includes moisture-resistant materials, sturdy wooden crates or pallets, and protective corner guards to prevent damage during transit. For products requiring enhanced protection against oxidation, such as high-purity copper tubes or finely finished surfaces, we also offer optional nitrogen-purged (inert gas) packaging upon request. This service effectively minimizes surface oxidation during long-distance shipping or storage, ensuring your products maintain their optimal quality upon arrival.
