ASTM B188 UNS C11000 Seamless Copper Bus Pipe (101% IACS) for Electrical
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The ASTM B188 UNS C11000 seamless copper bus pipe is a highly conductive material used specifically for electrical conductors, known as Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) copper.
Key Specifications
Standard: ASTM B188 is the standard specification for seamless copper bus pipe and tube intended for use as electrical conductors.
Material: UNS C11000 (also known as C110 ETP or Cu-ETP) is the specified copper alloy.
Purity: It has a minimum copper content of 99.90% (silver counted as copper).
Conductivity: The material is recognized for high electrical conductivity, with the standard minimum in the annealed condition being 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). Most ETP copper sold today will meet or exceed 101% IACS.
Application: It is widely used for bus bars in electrical power installations, switchgear, panelboards, and current-carrying hardware due to its excellent conductivity and good mechanical properties.
Temper: The material is typically furnished in O60 (soft anneal) or H80 (hard drawn) temper, depending on the required mechanical properties for the application.
ASTM B188
ASTM B188 is a standard specification published by ASTM International that covers the requirements for seamless copper bus pipe and tube. This specification applies to seamless copper bus pipe and tube used in electrical power distribution systems, such as switchboards, panelboards, and busways.
The ASTM B188 standard covers the following copper alloys: C10100, C10200, C10300, C10500, C10700, C10800, C10910, C11000, C11300, C11400, C11600, C12000, C12200, and C14200. The specification covers the dimensional requirements, tolerances, and mechanical properties of the bus pipe and tube, as well as the methods for testing and inspection.
The bus pipe and tube covered by ASTM B188 are intended for use in high electrical conductivity applications, where the copper material is required to carry large currents over long distances with minimal power loss. The standard provides a uniform set of requirements to ensure the quality and reliability of the bus pipe and tube used in these applications.
Copper Bus Pipe ASTM B188
High conductivity copper (HCC) is a type of copper that has been specially processed to have a high electrical conductivity. It is also sometimes referred to as electrolytic tough pitch (ETP) copper.
HCC typically has a minimum copper content of 99.90% and is produced by refining copper to remove impurities and then subjecting it to an electrolytic process that further purifies and refines the copper. This results in a copper with a very high level of electrical conductivity, typically in the range of 98-100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard).
High conductivity copper is used in a variety of electrical applications where high electrical conductivity is required, including power transmission and distribution, electrical motors and generators, switchgear, and electronic devices. It is also used in applications where high thermal conductivity is important, such as heat exchangers and cooling systems.
In addition to its high conductivity, HCC has good mechanical properties, including high strength and ductility, which make it easy to work with and form into various shapes and sizes.
Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Bus Pipe ASTM B188
| Dimensions and Weights of Copper Pipe, Nominal or Standard ASTM B188 | |||||
| Nominal or Standard is Pipe Size, in | Dimensions, in. (mm) | Cross-Sectional Area of Wall, in2 (mm2) | Theoretical Weight, lb/ft (kg/m) | ||
| Outside Diameter | Inside Diameter | Wall Thickness | |||
| Regular | |||||
| 1/4 | 0.540(13.7) | 0.376(9.55) | 0.082(2.08) | 0.118(0.761) | 0.457(0.680) |
| 3/8 | 0.675(17.1) | 0.495(12.6) | 0.090(2.29) | 0.165(1.06) | 0.641 (0.954) |
| ½ | 0.840(21.3) | 0.626(15.9) | 0.107(2.72) | 0.246(1.59) | 0.955(1.42) |
| ¾ | 1.050(26.7) | 0.822(20.9) | 0.114(2.90) | 0.335(2.16) | 1.30(1.93) |
| 1 | 1.315(33.4) | 1.063(27.0) | 0.126(3.20) | 0.471(3.04) | 1.82(2.71) |
| 1 ¼ | 1.660(42.2) | 1.368(34.7) | 0.146(3.71) | 0.694(4.48) | 2.69(4.00) |
| 1 ½ | 1.900(48.3) | 1.600(40.6) | 0.150(3.81) | 0.825(5.32) | 3.20(4.76) |
| 2 | 2.375(60.3) | 2.063(52.4) | 0.156(3.96) | 1.09(7.03) | 4.22(6.28) |
| 2 ½ | 2.875(73.0) | 2.501 (63.5) | 0.187(4.75) | 1.58(10.2) | 6.12(9.11) |
| 3 | 3.500(88.9) | 3.062(77.8) | 0.219(5.56) | 2.26(14.6) | 8.75(13.0) |
| 3 1/2 | 4.000 (102) | 3.500(88.9) | 0.250(6.35) | 2.95(19.0) | 11.4(17.0) |
| 4 | 4.500 (114) | 4.000 (102) | 0.250(6.35) | 3.34(21.5) | 12.9(19.2) |
Chemical Requirements Copper Bus Pipe ASTM B188
| Element | Composition, % | ||||||||
| Copper UNS No. | |||||||||
| C10100A | C10200 | C10300 | C10400B | C10500 B | C10700 B | C11000 | C11300 C | C11400 C | |
| Copper (incl silver), min | 99.99D | 99.95 | 99.95E | 99.95 | 99.95 | 99.95 | 99.90 | 99.90 | 99.90 |
| Phosphorus | – | – | 0.001-0.005 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Oxygen, max | 0.0005 | 0.0010 | – | 0.0010 | 0.0010 | 0.0010 | – | – | – |
| Silver | – | – | – | 8F | 10 F | 25 F | – | 8 F | 10 F |
A Impurity maximums in ppm of C10100 shall be: antimony 4, arsenic 5, bismmuth1.0, cadmium 1
B C10400, C10500 and C10700 are oxygen-free coppers with the addition of a special amount of silver.
C C11300 and C11400 are electrolytic tough-pitch copper with silver additions.
D Copper shall be determined by difference between "impurity total" and 100%
E Copper (include silver) + phosphorus minimum.
F Values of silver are minimum in troy ounces per avoirdupois ton (1 oz/ton is equivalent to 0.0034%)
Conductivity Comparison: C11000 vs. Common Alternatives
Are you choosing the right grade? Check the IACS Rating before you buy.
| Material Grade | Common Name | Conductivity (IACS) | Performance Rating | Recommended Application |
| UNS C11000 | ETP / T2 | 100% - 101.5% | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ (Excellent) | Electrical, Induction, Busbars |
| UNS C12200 | DHP / TP2 | ~80% - 85% | ⭐⭐⭐ (Fair) | Plumbing, HVAC, Refrigeration |
| Aluminum | 6061 / 6063 | ~40% - 50% | ⭐⭐ (Low) | Light-weight structures |
| Brass | C26000 | ~28% | ⭐ (Poor) | Fittings, Hardware |
Manager's Note: We strictly segregate our materials. If you order C11000 for electrical use, we guarantee it will never be mixed with low-conductivity C12200 stock.
One of the most frequent questions I receive from global buyers is: "Can I use standard HVAC copper pipe for my electrical project?"
My answer is always a firm NO. Here is why, based on the IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard) data:
The industry benchmark for pure copper conductivity is 100%.
UNS C11000 (Our Product): Due to its high purity and oxygen-scavenging process, it typically achieves 100% to 101.5% IACS. It is the "Supercar" of conductors.
UNS C12200 (Standard Plumbing Pipe): It contains Deoxidized High Phosphorus (DHP). While great for welding water pipes, the phosphorus acts like a speed bump for electricity, dropping conductivity to 85% IACS.
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